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July 22, 2013 by Max Distro LLC

The First Museums, Kunst-und Wunderkammer

The Archduke Leopold Wilhelm in His Gallery at Brussels by David Teniers the Younger (1610-1690) 1651. Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

The Archduke Leopold Wilhelm in His Gallery at Brussels by David Teniers the Younger (1610-1690) 1651. Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

A cabinet of curiosities was an encyclopedic collection in Renaissance Europe of types of objects whose categorial boundaries were yet to be defined. They were also known by various names such as Cabinet of Wonder, and in German Kunstkammer (“art-room”) or Wunderkammer (“wonder-room”). Modern terminology would categorize the objects included as belonging to natural history (sometimes faked), geology, ethnography, archaeology, religious or historical relics, works of art (including cabinet paintings) and antiquities. “The Kunstkammer was regarded as a microcosm or theater of the world, and a memory theater. The Kunstkammer conveyed symbolically the patron's control of the world through its indoor, microscopic reproduction.” Besides the most famous and best documented cabinets of rulers and aristocrats, members of the merchant class and early practitioners of science in Europe also formed collections that were precursors to museums.

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Filed Under: History, Museums, Vienna Tagged With: Ambras Castle, Archduke of Austria, Camerino, Caspar Friedrich Neickel, Charles Townley, Duke Albert V, Duke of Urbino, Federico da Montefeltro, Ferdinand II, Gubbio, Holy Roman Emperor, Intarsia, Johann Zoffany, Kunst-und Wunderkammer, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Kunstkammer, Kunstkammer Wien, Margaret of Austria, Medici, Munich Art Chamber, Museographia, Museums, Rudolf II, Salzburg Cathedral Museum, Samuel Quiccheberg, Studiolo, Uffizi, Wunderkammer

February 5, 2013 by Max Distro LLC

Moorish Castle. Sintra, Portugal

Moorish Castle. Sintra, Portugal

Moorish Castle. Sintra, Portugal

Originally, the Castle of Sintra was built by the Moors, possibly between the 9th and 10th centuries. Arab chronicles depict the Sintra region as being very rich in cultivated fields. Its castle was one of the most important in the surroundings and served as an excellent observation point for monitoring the coast as you can see in the picture above. In 1109, the castle became subject to an attack by crusading Norwegians, led by King Sigurd I, on their way to the Holy Land. Every man at the castle was said to have been killed as they had refused to become christened.

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Filed Under: Portugal Tagged With: Baron von Eschewege, Ferdinand II, King Afonso Henriques, King Sigurd I, Moorish Castle, Portugal, Sintra

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